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Textkritisches zum Bellum Judaicum des Flavius Josephus
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Abstract
The author discusses many passages of the Bellum Judaicum intending to find out where the genuine Greek text has been obliterated in the course of its tradition. He does so first by checking the relative quality of existing Variae lectiones and conjectures, secondly by trying to discover and emend Loci corrupti. Finally, suggestions are made concerning a revised edition of B. Niese’s Editio maior critica, published in 1885-1894.
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Flavius Josephus and the Gentes Devictae in Roman Imperial Discourse: Hybridity, Mimicry, and Irony in the Agrippa II Speech (Judean War 2.345-402)
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Abstract
In Judean War book 2, Agrippa II is purported to have delivered a speech in Jerusalem on the eve of the revolt, which includes a gentes devictae list. Such lists are attested in imperial propaganda, and are intended to display Roman domination of the known world by naming the conquered nations at the furthest extremities of the empire. But Josephus’ Agrippa goes further, and attributes the expansion of the empire to the Jerusalem deity, not to the deities of Rome, which seems consistent with a key aspect of colonial mimicry, according to Homi Bhabha. The speech reveals Josephus’ hybrid posture as conquered Judean and Roman citizen.
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Critique textuelle et traduction du treizième Psaume de Salomon*
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Abstract
The aim of this article is to analyse Pss. Sol. 13, an intertestamentary text that deals with the question of divine punishment inflicted both on righteous and wicked. In order to better understand the exact message of the text, it is necessary to study in detail the relationship between its ancient witnesses, especially the eleven Greek and five Syriac manuscripts, the original Hebrew text not being available. As a matter of principle, it can be argued that the Syriac version depends either on the Hebrew or on the Greek text. However, a thorough study of the differences between these manuscripts leads to the conclusion that the Syriac version probably depends on the Greek text. In the absence of other witnesses the Greek text remains the only reliable version. At the end of the article, a French translation is offered, followed by some exegetical remarks.
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Women’s Exemption from Shema and Tefillin and How These Rituals Came to be Viewed as Torah Study
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Abstract
This article argues that the rabbis exempted women from Shema and tefillin because the rabbis understood these rituals to be forms of Torah study, from which women were already known to be exempt. Though the dominant scholarly position regards the Shema as a liturgical affirmation of key doctrinal commitments, this article demonstrates that performance of these rituals was also a means of internalizing the biblical text. As such, these rituals had much in common with Torah study, which was also a means of internalizing the biblical text. The article makes this argument by examining Second Temple sources which cite, paraphrase, or allude to the Shema verses. Where Second Temple sources engage the verses of ritual instruction, they regard the rituals as a means of internalizing various commitments (justice, the nature of God, divine beneficence). Against this backdrop, it becomes clear that for the rabbis too these rituals were a means of internalizing something: biblical scripture.
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Review of Articles
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