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On 6 August 1896, Madagascar was declared a French colony. In 1897, the French government sent Madagascar's Queen Ranavalona III into exile in Algeria, effectively abolishing the monarchy. In 1946, a political party, the Mouvement démocratique de la renovation malgache (MDRM) replaced the Party for Malagasy Independence. On 27 March, the MDRM leaders sent a telegram to all their local sections in Madagascar to warn then against any provocation that would cause unrest in the Malagasy population or sabotage the peaceful policy of the movement. Estimates of deaths caused in part by the rebellion but mainly by the French forces against the Malagasy people range from 20 000 to 89 000 deaths in a population of 4.5 million. The official political parties, the MDRM and the PADESM, had chosen the electoral process to gain at least autonomy, and preferably independence, as an associate state within the French Union.
Keywords: French forces; French government; French Union; Madagascar; Mouvement démocratique de la renovation malgache(MDRM); PADESM; rebellion