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This chapter traces the history of the transmission of the material which is contained in Mark 13 if possible even back to its origin in the teaching of Jesus. All discussion of the gospel tradition is rendered especially complicated by the necessity of moving simultaneously on several levels: that of the meaning of the gospel text as it stands in context, that of the teaching of Jesus as it is more or less accurately therein reflected, and that of the transformations of the tradition in the intervening period. The chapter begins with an examination of the present text of Mark 13, to be followed by form-critical considerations and a reconstruction of the earlier history of the material. The traditional solution to the problem of Mark 13 is to postulate a Jewish apocalypse with Christian additions. The framework of Mark 13 is provided by an eschatological paraclesis.
Keywords: Christian; eschatological paraclesis; Jesus; Jewish apocalypse; Mark 13